Contents
Rare congenital malformation with single/multiple bands of tissue joining the upper and lower eyelids unilaterally/bilaterally.
- Autosomal dominant inheritance
Aetiology
Syndromic assocaitions:
- Ankyloblepharon-ectodermal defects-cleft lip and palate (AEC) syndrome or Hay–Wells syndrome:
- Triad: AFA, skin lesions, and orofacial clefting
- Edwards syndrome (Trisomy 18)
- CHANDS (curly hair, ankyloblepharon, nail dysplasia)
Other associated conditions:
- Iridogoniodysgenesis with juvenile glaucoma
- Cleft lip and palate
- Hydrocephalus
- Meningomyelocoele
- Popliteal pterygium syndrome (popliteal webbing with cleft lip/palate)
- Cardiac abnormalities: Ventricular septal defects and patent ductus arteriosus
- Hydrocephaly
- Imperforate anus
- Ectodermal syndromes: Scalp erosions (reportedly seen in 100% of patients), unique pigmentary changes, nail changes, dental changes, and a decrease in sweating
Classification
| Group | Associated abnormalities |
|---|---|
| I | None |
| II | Cardiac or central nervous system |
| III | Ectodermal syndrome |
| IV | Cleft lip and/or palate |