Contents
Introduction
High body temperature due to increased heat production or reduced heat loss, with the hypothalamic set point being normal.
- MEDICAL EMERGENCY
Clinical types
- Heat stroke: Body temperature of > 40°C (104 °F) due to environmental heat exposure with lack of thermoregulation.
- Symptoms: Dry skin, rapid, strong pulse and dizziness
- Heat exhaustion: Precursor of heatstroke
- Symptoms: Heavy sweating, rapid breathing and a fast, weak pulse
- Heat syncope: Fainting or dizziness as a result of overheating.
- Heat oedema
- Heat cramps: Muscle pains that happen during heavy exercise in hot weather
- Heat rash: Skin irritation from excessive sweating
- Heat tetany: Usually results from short periods of stress in intense heat
- Symptoms: Hyperventilation, respiratory problems, numbness or tingling, or muscle spasms
Case study:
Management
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAIDs)- Act by reducing prostaglandin production, are ineffective
External cooling:
- Ice water sponging
- Cooling blankets
- Cold water enemas
- Gastric washes
Correct the underlying condition