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Female Reproductive System ORGAN SYSTEMS

Placenta extrachorialis

Morphological abnormality of the placenta in which transition from a membranous to villous chorion does not occur at the placental edge but at some variable distance within the circumference of the placenta.

Morphological abnormality of the placenta in which transition from a membranous to villous chorion does not occur at the placental edge but at some variable distance within the circumference of the placenta.

  • Chorionic plate (fetal side) is smaller than the basal plate (maternal side)

Types:

There are 2 types of extrachorial placenta:
  1. Circummarginate placenta. Margin of chorionic plate appears as a raised, thin fibrous rim at the margin of the chorionic plate where the fetal vessels appear to terminate.
  2. Circumvallate placenta. Thickened membranous rim, composed of a double fold of amnion and chorion with degenerated decidua and fibrin in between, is folded inward towards the center.

Complications

  • Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR)
  • Antepartum haemorrhage (APH)
  • Retained placenta

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