Contents
Inflammation of the sclera.
Aetiology
Associated conditions:
- Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (M/C cause)
- Wegener’s disease
- Relapsing polychondritis
- Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
- Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)
- Polyarteritis nodosa
- Trauma owing to surgery or other causes
Classification
Watson and Hayreh classification:

Anterior scleritis:
- Diffuse (M/C presentation, 60% cases)
- Nodular
- Necrotizing with inflammation (M/severe presentation)
- Scleromalacia perforans: necrotizing without inflammation




Posterior scleritis
Involvement of the sclera by inflammation posterior to the insertion of the medial and lateral rectus muscles.

Clinical features
Anterior scleritis:
Redness and globe tenderness
Posterior scleritis:
Reduced vision with/without pain